Brita Case Essay Example for Free

Brita Case Essay The Brita Products Company started in 1988 under the suggestion of Charlie Couric, a showcasing official with the Clorox Company. Idealistic of its capacity to be gainful, Clorox obtained the option to advertise the home water filtration framework. Clorox, refering to the superseding long haul advantages of persistent channel deals, at first occupied with deficiency spending. Such marks paid off and Clorox made a $350 million market, yet in addition caught 70% of the market income. Brita appreciated achievement in the market by making a view of better tasting water. In any case, as ater filtration innovation improved and shopper mindfulness expanded, taste alone was not, at this point enough to continue its enormous piece of the pie. Buyers are requesting more regarding medical advantages and Brita needs to react to their developing needs and needs. The market condition is portrayed by quick development. As shoppers are turning out to be more wellbeing cognizant, filtered water and water-filtration frameworks are turning into a need for most, with a Brita pitcher in 1 out of 7 homes 103 million family units. Britas contenders couldn't adequately equal Brita in pitcher deals. Brita overwhelmed notwithstanding numerous new contestants to the market. Be that as it may, a little contender, PUR, propelled an alternate water filtration item. PURs spigot channel framework offered included wellbeing and accommodation benefits that Britas pitcher couldnt give. Presently out of nowhere, our rivals thought of the primary mover item. Therefore Couric is thinking about allotting assets to dispatch a fixture mounted filtration framework because of these developing contenders. Many think Brita needs to exploit this chance to increase new shoppers while their name despite everything stays equal with quality and taste. In this manner bringing up the issue, in what capacity ought to Brita endeavor to additionally infiltrate the market with their items? Lets investigate the Pros and Cons of every alternative: Option 1: Implement the new fixture mount filtration framework The Purpose This composing plans to introduce one potential answer for the difficulty that Clorox Company faces. The Clorox Company was the market head in water filtration in the USA with the Brita Pitcher (one of the Cloroxs most significant item), yet in 1999 they confronted the danger of another item the spigot mounted channel. Clorox previously had its own variant of this new item prepared to dispatch into the market, so the issue was to choose the best of the accompanying procedures: 1 . Keep selling just the present item; 2. Present their new fixture mounted channel notwithstanding the pitcher into the market 2. The Analysis Market Summary Clorox propelled in 1988 the Brita Pitcher and following 10 years they were the market heads of water filtration frameworks with a piece of the pie of 69%. After the Brita pitcher dispatch, the water quality turned into a developing worry to purchasers. This new demeanor about the nature of drinking water permitted the decontaminated water market to develop in both filtered water and channel frameworks. This developing on the water advertise, permitted Clorox Has not characterized item Market division

The USSR's Voracity for Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The USSR's Voracity for Power - Essay Example The two forces questioned one another. America detested Joseph Stalin’s tyranny and socialism in the USSR. The USSR, likewise alluded to as the Soviet Union additionally doubted America for not tolerating them into the worldwide network. They were likewise discontent with America’s deferral to take an interest in the World War II, prompting the demise of numerous Russians. Hence, despite the fact that the Soviet Union and the United States battled during the Word War II as partners, they had just held hands to battle a shared adversary, the Nazi Germany. The significant reason for the Cold War was the move by the Soviet Union to attempt to pick up force and impact in East European nations. After the World War II finished, the Soviet Union isolated itself from the Western partners. The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin started forceful approaches so as to pick up impact in east European nations. The United States interceded to stop the Soviet Union’s extension, and this brought about the Cold War. After Stalin’s demise, the Soviet Union was taken over by Khrushchev and later by Brezhnev. These pioneers actualized different international strategies. This conversation investigates the Soviet Union’s insatiability for force and impact as the central reason for the Cold War, and the effect of Khrushchev’s and Brezhnev’s international strategies. Start of the Cold War Before World War II started, the United States and the Soviet Union had a few contrasts. Right off the bat, the two countries upheld various kinds of governments. The United States bolstered vote based system while the Soviet Union supported socialism. There were additionally monetary contrasts whereby the United States bolstered world facilitated commerce. In any case, the Soviet Union was against universal exchange as the Russians felt it would acquire impacts from the west that would compromise their authoritarian framework. In addition, when Europe was debilitated in World War II, the Soviet Union and the United States were the most compelling forces and every one of them needed to control the other. At the point when the World War II finished, the doubt between the Soviet Union and the United States was uplifted by the mastery of the USSR in Eastern Europe and the angry and tyrannical disposition of the United States to global issues, just as their ownership of a nuclear bomb (Painter, 1999: 15). The Soviet Union had increased extensive impact in Eastern Europe even before World War II finished. The Red Army was in charge of certain pieces of Eastern Europe by 1944. The Soviet Union likewise got the control of eastern Germany and acquired another fringe with Poland at the Yalta Conference in 1945. Towards the finish of the war in 1945, the Soviet Union effectively overwhelmed the eastern European control and impacted the decisions to guarantee socialist mastery in their administrations. Additionally, socialists in these nations assumed responsibility for the most noteworthy services of Military and Defense. The Soviet Union additionally affected Western Europe’s post-war races in nations like France and Italy in 1946 (Phillips, 2001: 123). Stalin solidified the Soviet expert in east European nations and utilized the Soviet Union’

International trade in microeconomics - Free Essay Example

What is international trade? International trade is The practice, in a market economy, in which individuals provide goods and services to others and receive goods and services in return. (Microeconomics textbook G-8). One controversial topic that is relevant today dealing with international trade is Trump hitting China with tariffs. Trump has tried to negotiate with China to make trades fair for the U.S. when China didnt agree with changing the trade policy, Trump decided to start a trade war with China. Trump has shown no signs of backing out of the war and is said hes prepared to tax all imports. Trump wants Americans to buy American made products to build up the economy in the United States, the reason trump is placing such high tariffs on China so that Americans wont spend a lot of money on products made overseas and will just buy the product that is made in America for a better price. Trump wants to Make American great again. The tariffs that Trump has placed on China are meant to pressure them to change their long-term trade policies, because Trump says that they are hurting American business. The Unites States is in the lowest unemployment rate since 2000 (NY times). Which is not good for us Americans. New York Times states, China could win relief from the tariffs by acceding to the administrations trade demands, including allowing Americans greater access to the China market. The United States only wanted to continue doing trade with China if they are going to take the trade negations serious. The tariffs were meant to hurt China, but it could backfire and hurt American consumers by raising the prices on everyday consumer goods. One problem that Trump came a crossed while setting the tariff prices were that America would be taxing products that Americans could not recreate. Americans would be paying the taxed price for the Chinese made goods because it was incl uded in the tax that Trump put on China. Trump says he is willing to drop the trade war if China will agree to his demands. According to Washingtons few they think that threatening to raise the tariffs on China make them more reasonable to negotiate, but no, thats not the case. New York Time states, The evidence that, in response to U.S. bullying tactics, China just stiffens its spine and strikes back with proportionate tariffs against U.S. imports has had no discernible effect on the Trump administrations take-no-prisoners approach to this rapidly escalating trade war. Meaning that China Is not that soft and is not willing to back down for now. China wants to attack the United States American companies that rely on Chinese imports such as phones, cars, televisions, and other products (NY times). China said that they would put similar tariffs on $60 billion a year of American goods in response to the threat from the United states. Chinas finance minister said that if necessary, he could hold back exports to the U.S that are vital to American company supply chains. Mr. Lou says that it would take years for American companies to find alternatives to China. Basically, China is saying without imports from them that Americans would suffer and finding a replacement for some of those products that are crucial to American companies would be merely impossible. Honestly the tariffs are doing more harm to Americans than Trump thinks. The taxes, By choosing to unilaterally raise taxes on Americans, the cost of running a farm, factory or business will grow. In many cases, these costs will be passed on to American families. (NY times). The taxes are going to end up hurting Americas consumers and do barely any change to Chinas trading policies. Trump had a good intention by wanting to increase Americas economy by having not so many imports from China because, in the end Chinas economy just continues to grow because of the money that Americans pay for the Chinese imports. The taxes ended up not being the smartest move for Americans, because it did more damage to us than they did to China and their economy. International trade is very important to th e well-being of America because it regulates all products in America and helps consumers get the best price possible for the same type of goods. International trade benefits both countries by allowing both countries to consume more. This article connects to international trade, because it shows an example of how two countries have to work together and have agreements on things, they would like to trade between one another. In the case with America and China, China didnt want to give into what Trump was asking of them and trade their old ways and their trading policies, since they didnt want to agree with Trump, he decided to start taxing all their goods that were imported into the United States so that the American consumers wouldnt want to pay the ridiculously price for the same item that was also American made for cheaper, Trumps intentions were to help the American economy grow and become more regulated. The Chinese didnt like that their goods were being taxed so they taxed back and threatened to cut off some of our vital imports from China. The tariffs had a good intention to help regulate U.S economy, but It didnt work out that way, we need to have international trade with other countries in order to be able to have the items we have today, there are so many products that the United States cannot legally replicate, in that case we need Chinas imports. As the textbook states, imports and exports have taken on an increasingly important role in the U.S. economy. The text also talks about how over the last fifty years, both the imports and exports have grown faster than economy itself. Without International trade the United States wouldnt have half the products we have available to us here in the states, and other countries wouldnt have stuff from the states available for them out there. The new trade agreement between Canada, The United States and Mexico is another great article that connects to international trade, for short its known as either the CUSMA or the USMCA. This new agreement between them has replaced what we all knew as NAFTA, what exactly was NAFTA? NAFTA has generated economic growth and rising standards of living since 1994. When NAFTA was created it was the biggest free trade region in the world. They created NAFTA so that they could remove the barriers to able to trade amongst the three of them. With the new agreement switching from NAFTA to USMCA, the new agreement brings, new rules for cars and trucks, and labor and IP protections (The Washington post). The new agreements have lots of new changes for cars, Trump wants more parts for the cars and trucks to be made in North America, the car or truck is to have said to have more than 75% of its parts be made in either Canada, Mexico, or the United states. (info from the Washington post). Trump also says that anyone working on the vehicle for a certain percent needs to be making at least $16 an hour. With the new agreement car prices have the possibility to rise, and some smaller vehicles may not be made in North America because of the price expense will cost too much to make that vehicle than its worth. Trump also had a Victory of winning over Canadas high tariffs on their dairy products. They negotiated for Canada to adjust their prices so that now they can have a greater market share with U.S. farmers, and we will be able to export more powered milk products to Canada. Mexico and Canada got of Trumps auto tariffs list and now they will be able to send auto mobile parts for free. A debate between Canada and the United States was that Canada wanted to do away with trumps tariff on Candian steel but for now Trump gets to keep his tariff on it. The USMCA is also trying to improve labor and environmental rights for when the Mexican truck borders come across the border that there will be more safety precautions in place for them. They have now given leaders and legal experts more protection on their patents and trademarks, which were said to have been asked multiple decades ago. Larger drug companies and pharmacies will now be allowed to sell in Canada with market protection. One of the agreements placed in the USMCA is that the agreement will have to be reviewed and revised after 6 years and then will continue for the full extent of 16 years, Trump says the reason he wants to have the 6-year checkup is so that they are able to make revisions if needed. With the new USMCA in place taking over NAFTA is new and improved and is ready to move on to bigger and better things for the United States, Canada, and Mexico. NAFTA had a huge impact on international trade regulation, and it made a lot of money. With USMCA taking over with i ts improvements it is hoped to be able to make the trade regulation fairer and more effective for all that are participating in the trade agreement. Just like in the previous article how Trump tariffs on China was trying to help regulate trade and we saw how some imports were just vital to the United States economy, so is regulation with other countries, with USMCA there will be a lot of international trade correlating through the economy and helping each country get the products needed to strengthen their economy. The main purpose of international trade according to economics online is, Countries trade with each other when, on their own, they do not have the resources, or capacity to satisfy their own needs and wants. By developing and exploiting their domestic scarce resources, countries can produce a surplus, and trade this for the resources they need. Trade helps each country function and helps so that they will be able to share the same great products that the other countries can produce when they cant. Its an amazing thing, international trade. Without international trade the United States and other countries couldnt produc e or replicate products from other countries legally, and even if they could it could possibly increase the price by only having one producer and if the price of the good and materials were expensive, so would the product. For example, if a product didnt cost a lot to produce in another country but it costed more to make it in the United States it would be because of the limited resources here in the United States, that is considered the opportunity cost of the product. In the textbook Microeconomics by Paul Krugman and Robin Wells They provide the example for opportunity cost on shrimp, they say shrimp- much of which now comes from seafood farms in Vietnam and Thailand. Its a lot easier to produce shrimp in Vietnam, where the climate is nearly ideal and theres plenty of coastal than it is in the United States.(219). With that example in mind its showing that with opportunity cost it is a lot cheaper for a country that has the resources and materials available to them are going to produce products like that and trade them for a better price than if the United States decided they wanted to produce a product like that but they were limited with the resources and materials, it would make much more sense t o trade with a country that has plenty available to trade, so then you could provide another country with a product that was difficult for them to produce. The main point I was trying to get across is that international trade is there to help strengthen each countrys economy by helping give a product to another country that cant produce it as easy as you can. International trade and trade agreements have been around for decades and will continue to benefit and keep circulating the economy of our country, without it, life wouldnt be the same! Thank your international trade.

The New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander - 1313 Words

The New Jim Crow Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness examine the Jim Crow practices post slavery and the mass incarceration of African-American. The creation of Jim Crows laws where used as a tool to promote segregation among the minority and white American. Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass takes a look at Jim Crow laws and policies were put into place to block the social progression African-American from the post-slavery to the civil rights movement. Fast-forward to 2008 the election of Barack Obama certified that African-Americans where no longer viewed as second-class citizens instead African-Americans are equal to their white counterparts. However, Michelle Alexander (2012) points out that Jim Crow has reappeared in the form of mass incarceration and this legal form of incarceration is a mirror image of the Jim Crow laws post slavery. Michelle Alexander draws conclusion from the Ronald Reagan Administration’s War on Drugs campaign which created stiffer laws that where unequally distributed between black and white drug offenders given white offenders the lesser of the sentence. Michelle Alexander (2012) suggests this was the seed that was planted strategically to create fear that there was a war going on in America’s backyard. Once the War on Drugs was announced the media monopolize on the campaign depicting drug-related crime with African-American faces. Meanwhile political figures capitalizing on the WarShow MoreRelatedThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander1316 Words   |  6 Pages The New Jim Crow Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness examine the Jim Crow practices post slavery and the mass incarceration of African-American. The creation of Jim Crows laws were used as a tool to promote segregation among the minority and white American. Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass takes a look at Jim Crow laws and policies were put into place to block the social progression African-American from the post-slavery to theRead MoreThe New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander960 Words   |  4 PagesThe New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander tries to advance intellectual dialogue regarding mass incarceration in the United States. Alexander does this by carrying out a historical analysis of the process in which the correctional system controls African Americans through intentionally selected, and systematically sanctioned legal limits. In fact, the United States incarceration rate is not at peak by coincidence. Moreover, it is not c oincidental that Black men and women make up the majority of thisRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesThe third critical book review for this class takes a look at â€Å"The New Jim Crow† by Michelle Alexander published in 2012 by the New York Press. This book analyzes the problem with the incarceration system in the United States today that unfairly affects the African American community. This incarceration system is continuing to separate families, strip men of their freedom, and effectually make them into second class citizens upon release from prison as â€Å"free† men. She even describes that thoseRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander1253 Words   |  6 PagesThe book, The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander is about the mass incarceration of African Americans in the criminal justice system. It depicts individuals who were arrested on drug crimes. Because these individuals are labeled as criminals, it becom es difficult for them to find work, housing, and public assistance. (Alexander, 2010) The themes in this book include denial and ignorance, racism and violence, and drugs. Denial and ignorance is a common behavior noted in this book. Many times peopleRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander1666 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Civil Rights Era, many black power movements strived to prevent the New Jim Crow from happening. The black man was being oppressed during segregation and treated like animals. The white supremacy, only visualize African Americans as slaves, people who should not be a part of the United States. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X drove men and women to fight for his or her rights. However, that was not enough to stop the white supremacy from oppressing African Americans. The Civil RightsRead MoreThe New Jim Crow, By Michelle Alexander Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesRacism is a thing of the past, or is it? Michelle Alexander’s, â€Å"The New Jim Crow,† main focus is on mass incarceration and how it occurs in an era of color blindness. Alexander also focuses on the social oppressions that African Americans hav e suffered throughout the years, until now. In this essay, I will discuss how the system of control was constructed, Alexander’s compelling historical analysis, and if the current system would be easier to dismantle. I would like to start by delving into howRead MoreThe New Jim Crow, By Michelle Alexander929 Words   |  4 Pagescriminal on record causing them to struggle in society. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Michelle Alexander author of The New Jim Crow, whose specialty, are racial profiling, racism in the United States and race in the criminal justice system, revealed how the government incarceration system is set up for failure, especially for the oppressed minorities in society. â€Å"Observers have referred to the advent of mass imprisonment as â€Å"The New Jim Crow† because the devastating racial impact of imprisonment effectively isolatesRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander2184 Words   |  9 Pages Paola Gonzalez Professor Maroney The American Experience May 6, 2015 The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander The New Jim Crow book written by Michelle Alexander and Michelle McCool addresses the racial dimensions of the War on Drugs. The book disputes that the federal drug policy purposefully targets lower minority groups and communities of color to keep black people incarcerated and off the streets. The book starts of disproving the idea that racism no longer exists by proving that racism is stillRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander Essay2059 Words   |  9 PagesIn the book The New Jim Crow author Michelle Alexander argues that a racial caste system still exists in the United States. Furthermore, this caste system is set up by the social control that is created by the discriminatory practices of the War on Drugs. The War on Drugs and mass incarcerations create a racial â€Å"undercaste† of African-Americans, by marginalizing ex-offenders in America. Within her arguments she describes the racist practices of, and policies surrounding, the War on Drugs. These extendRead MoreMichelle Alexander s The New Jim Crow1495 Words   |  6 Pages Baker, Anderson, and Dorn (1992) talk â€Å"A Critical Thinking Approach† giving the readers six guidelines to follow when critically assessing any literary work, all of which can apply to Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow. The first guideline is about how accessible is her work. Throughout the book, Alexander made her work as clear and concise as she possibly could by explaining certain points over again in a different chapter to make sure that the audience understands what she is trying to say

How Does Voltaire Portray Women - 1576 Words

Laurent Bà ©langer Supervisor: Lucy Grove English Literature March 2016 How does Voltaire portray women in Candide? Women in the 18th Century enjoyed very few privileges when it came to their expected gender roles within society. As he did other aspects of the culture of his time, Voltaire exposes this stark inequality in the satirical Candide, especially through the lack of many female characters in the novel and his characterisation of Cunà ©gonde, Paquette and the Old Woman. Their initial lack of complexity and surprisingly similar lives despite strikingly different origins highlight the coarse existence of women in the 18th Century. Additionally, Voltaire’s portrayal of sexual exploitation as completely habitual seeks to underline women’s†¦show more content†¦Initially, her noble status wraps her in a sense of grandeur, and yet, by the the novel’s second chapter, she is practically exposed as a typical damsel-in-distress, fainting at Candide’s expulsion from the Baron’s castle, the earliest sign of ‘trouble’. Unlike these two characters, the third significant female figure in Candide — the Old Woman — is neither pretty, tractable, nor grand. In fact, she lacks characterisation upon her first appearance, introduced merely as â€Å"an old woman† (Voltaire, 16), a name she retains until the novel’s end. Thus, the novel’s three primary female characters appear, at first, to be little more than archetypal characters, despite their later evolution: the pretty maid, the damsel-in-distress and the witch-like servant. It is this apparent lack of character development which illustrates the insignificance of women’s roles in 18th Century society. Regardless of this apparent lack of complexity, Voltaire depicts women in Candide — perhaps surprisingly — as survivors, highlighting a crucial aspect of women’s existence in the society of the day. Following the Bulgar attack on the Baron’s castle, the raping of Cunà ©gonde â€Å"until she could be raped no more† and her subsequent â€Å"disembowel[ment]† (Voltaire, 10), the reader naturally assumes her death; it is therefore a great surprise when she reappears in the novel’s seventh chapter. Similarly, the Old Woman, â€Å"rapedShow MoreRelatedThe s Candide And The Old Woman Arrive Of Cadiz, And Of Their Embarkation1422 Words   |  6 Pagesembarkation. Firstly considering terms of context this essay will look at the way knowledge of philosophy and attitudes towards women illuminate the readers understanding of the passage. Secondly examining how narrative technique is used this essay will look at speech and the presentation of the narrator. Finally this essay will reflect on distinctive features of language and how Voltaire’s characterisation contributes to the meaning of the passage. To effectively analyse Candide it is important to considerRead MoreCandide: an Analysis of Voltaires Perspective on Organized Religion.1537 Words   |  7 PagesCandide Essay Assignment TA: Và ©ronique Church-Duplessis Tutorial: 7-8 SS 2104 Sajid Borhan 998931036 Voltaire in his novella Candide portrays the adventures of a young man named Candide as he faces numerous difficulties after he is forced to leave his sheltered life of the court. Voltaire, in his satire, explores many themes. Voltaire being a critic of the Church does not show the religious institutions and the people associated with it in good light, as demonstrated by the various charactersRead More Voltaires Candide Essay example822 Words   |  4 PagesVoltaires Candide Throughout the novel, Candide, Voltaire repeatedly exploits the nature of humans to consider others situations and lifestyles to be better than that of their own. Voltaire uses Candides journeys to portray the human assumption that the grass is always greener on the other side. This theme is shown in Candides strife for companionship, his experience with wealth, and his interaction with other characters. The situations that develop the theme do so in such a wayRead MoreEssay about Use of Satire in Voltaires Candide1568 Words   |  7 PagesSuccessful Use of Satire in Voltaires Candide Voltaires Candide is the story of how one mans adventures affect his philosophy on life. Candide begins his journey full of optimism that he lives in the best of all possible worlds, but he learns that it is naà ¯ve to say that good will eventually come of any evil.   Voltaire successfully uses satire as a means of conveying his opinions about many aspects of European society in the eighteenth century.   He criticizes religion, the evils foundRead MoreThe Age Of Enlightenment Ideas Lead To Hypocrisy In Candide By Voltaire1592 Words   |  7 Pageseachother and themselves when it came to reason and logic; and it was a period when creative ability came to light and it was encouraged. This paper will examine Voltaire s Candide and the way Voltaire mocks religion and how this outlines Enlightenment thought. A decent approach to portray Candide may be the ethical quality play by Voltaire with no ethics. All through the whole play the most exceedingly awful things happen, individuals submit the most shocking acts, kill, assault, genocide, and tormentRead MoreCandidereadingquestions Essay1917 Words   |  8 Pagesmetaphysico-theologo-cosmolonigology. Pangloss states that the world is the best of all possible worlds in which all is well and all is for the best. Voltaire writes â€Å"He could prove that there is no effect without a cause; and, that in this best of all possible worlds, the Baron’s castle was the most magnificent of all castles, and My Lady the best of all possible baronesses.† Voltaire is using satire of his made up profession. By making Pangloss teach Candide this made up profession of â€Å"metaphysico-theologo-cosmolonigology†Read More`` Candide `` : A Satirical Adventure Through The Writings Of Voltaire2648 Words   |  11 Pagesbook â€Å"Candide† takes readers on a satirical adventure through the writings of Voltaire. His novel is a humorous yet ridiculous mockery of the Old Regime ideologies in which he critiques the political, social, and religious beliefs of this time; Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz’s ideas in particular. He believed that people perceive imperfections in the world only because they do not understand God’s grand plan. Voltaire does not accept the existence of a perfect God, absence of choice and blind fate.Read Morecompare and contrast aphra Bhens Oroonoko the royal slave and candide, or optimism1618 Words   |  7 Pagesnom de plume Voltaire, was famous for his wit and for his advocacy of civil liberties, including freedom of religion, freedom of expression, free trade and sepa ration of church and state. He was a French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher, and his Book _Candide or Optimism_ is a satirical philosophical tale which I will also discuss in detail later. The first text to be analysed is found on page 11 of _Oroonoko_. The text depicts the Indian natives of Surinam, how they appear toRead MoreVoltaire s Candide And 17th Century1983 Words   |  8 Pagesmajorly on reasoning and purpose, therefore it was also known as the Age of Reason. The name of the Enlightenment period is misleading, a person may think that it was times of happiness, joy, and understanding, conversely, it was a horrid time . Voltaire wrote one of his greatest stories based on the Enlightenment period. The story is Candide and there are many signs of the Enlightenment in the story, for example, religion, power, and gender, nevertheless there are also aspects that are prettyRead MoreThe Enlightenment Was A Time Of Rapid Changes That Took1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most part. This period was marked by new ideas of politics and monarchs, religion, and social ideas. During this era of vast changes, literature was also influenced. Many writers were either for the new philosophies or against them. Molià ¨re and Voltaire were writers that were against the changes of the Enlightenment. They showcased this in their works Tartuffe and Candide. These works focused on the Enlightenment changes in society by religion and politics. The Enlightenment began in the seventeenth

Night John Essay free essay sample

The narrator of this story is Sarny and she’s twelve years old. 2. This story is told in first person. 3. Clel Waller is Sarny’s owner. 4. Sarny doesn’t care or really respect Waller because when he isn’t around she calls him dog droppings and many other names. 5. Sarny is not dumb and how I know this is because she’s just quiet and listens to learn new things and if she were to be dumb she wouldn’t learn anything. 6. Sarny’s mother is not around because she was sold when Sarny was four years old and old Delie raised Sarny. . The work that Sarny does on the plantation is working around the quarters, cleaning the yard, gathering eggs, and helping old Delie with the young ones. 8. What Sarny does at night is she gets on a pallet in the back of the long log house and thinks. Chapter II 1. Sarny’s job in the flower garden was to work on the roses and her job allows her to chew on tobacco leaves to kill bugs. 2. Clel Waller paid one thousand dollars when he bought Nightjohn and this tells me that Nightjohn is worth money. 3. a. Sarny’s mammy prayed in the kettle. b. Sarny’s mammy prayed inside the kettle because they didn’t let pray so had to whisper in it. c. Sarny’s mammy prayed to be free. Chapter III 1. Nightjohn was brought in to the plantation with a rope to his neck. 2. The condition Nightjohn was in when brought to the plantation was bad. 3. The meals in the plantation were buttermilk down the trough, cornbread, and sometimes pieces of pork fat twice a day so the meals weren’t as good. 4. What Nightjohn did the first night on the plantation was teach Sarny the first letter of the alphabet and this tells me he is a genuine guy. 5. What Nightjohn tells Sarny about why reading is not allowed for slaves is that if white folks find out she is going to be in more trouble than she needs. Chapter IV 1a. Alice was someone used for breeding on the Waller plantation. 1b. The first time that Alice tried to run away she was brought back and got whipped in front of all the slaves. 1c. The next time she tried to escape she got caught and killed by dogs. 2a. Jim was a slave in the Waller plantation. 2b. What happened to Jim when he tried to run away was get caught because he hid in a tree and the tree wasn’t high enough to escape the dogs and got killed by the dogs. a. Pawley was a slave in Clel’s plantation that fell in love with a girl in another plantation. 3b. What happened to Pawley was that he got caught coming back from another planation visiting a girl and Waller cut his heels and bled to death 4. Sarny thinks it’s brave and stupid at the same time to escape because it would be a miracle if slave s actually made it, but they always get caught. 5. Sarny does still continue to learn letters from Nightjohn and what that tells me about her character is that she sticks in what she believes in. 6a. The reason why Mammy reacts the way she did when she catches Nightjohn teaching Sarny is because she could be in big trouble if the white folks find out and she has to protect Sarny from any harm. 6b. Mammy’s attitude changes from being overprotective to being calm and understanding after Nightjohn explains his reason for teaching her. 7a. Nightjohn got scars in his back before he escaped a plantation. 7b. Nightjohn returned after escaping because he came back to teach slave children how to read and write. 7c. He wants to teach slave children to read and write because he wants them to have something to hold on to and to be brave. Chapter V 1. What Sarny is learning in her lessons with Nightjohn is how to read and write. 2a. Sarny was writing in the dirt. 2b. Sarny tells Waller that he deserves to go to hell. 2c. Waller kicks Sarny in the stomach. 2d. The conflict for Sarny is external because it is between her and Waller. 2e. Mammy was punished and her punishment was getting shackled to the wall. 2f. Nightjohn confessed to teaching Sarny the letters and this tell me he is a brave individual. 2g. Waller cuts two of Nightjohn’s toes with the help of his son Robe. 2h. Sarny believes that Waller is cruel by what he did to Mammy and Nightjohn, and that he deserves nothing but the worse. Chapter VI 1. The actions that John takes after his toes are chopped off are admirable. He starts writing an A while all the slaves in the plantation are around him while saying he has learned his lesson. Then he writes a B saying â€Å"This is B. What I named my wifeâ€Å". One of the slaves then calls over Clel, their owner, and he continues with the next letter in the alphabet. While writing the letter C he says â€Å"This is the letter C like a mouth open just like if you had something important to say†. . Yes, I believe John will be successful with his planned because he is a brave man and would do anything to reach his goal. 3. What John promises Sarny is that he will always be looking for her and she seems to believe him. I myself believe him because he seems like a man that’s about his words. Chapter VII 1. Nightjohn was successful with his pl an because he made it away safely and afterwards came back for Sarny like he promised. 2. What has happened to Sarny since John left was that she never wrote words in the dirt learned the letters A-J. 3. Yes, John kept his promise to Sarny because he came back for her. . John takes Sarny to â€Å"School† and it is so secretive because the white people can’t find out about it. 5. Nightjohn was at the school teaching other kids while he was gone. 6. Nightjohn teaches reading by using catalogs. 7. Sarny feels very glad that she gets to write and learn again. Chapter Words 1. In this short chapter, Sarny tells us how every night he walks to school just to teach them how to read and write. 2. What I think would happen if another chapter was added to the book is that it will tell us how Sarny is now a wise woman that sacrifices herself to help children learn how to read and write.

Why We Fight

The 1942 film Why We Fight represents a classical example of American wartime propaganda. Given the fact that, during the course of thirties and forties, the majority of Americans shared an isolationist sentiment, it was crucially important for the America’s policy-makers at the time to convince citizens that country’s joining the WW2 was not optional.1Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Why We Fight specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, being a propaganda-piece, this particular film features a number of different of inconsistencies and even outright lies. In this paper, I will aim to substantiate the validity of an earlier suggestion at length. The main ideological premise, upon which the line of film’s argumentation appears to be based, is being concerned with its creators exploring the apparent dichotomy between what they refer to as a ‘free world, on the one hand, and a ‘world of slavery’, on the other. According to film’s narrator; whereas, America advances the cause of liberty, the countries of a ‘good ole Europe’ (specifically Germany and Italy), with their ally Japan, advance the cause of an oppression – pure and simple. What is being particularly ironic about this claim, is the fact that film’s creators went about substantiating claim’s legitimacy by making references to world’s major religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), as such that in their view endorse the cause of liberty. According to the twisted logic of film’s argumentation, American citizens’ strong sense of religiosity makes them naturally predisposed towards professing the values of democracy. This, of course, could not possibly be the case, because the very notion ‘religion’ is being synonymous to the notion of ‘intolerance’.2 Nevertheless, even if filmmakers were right about the fact that, people’s strong affiliation with religious values causes them to profess the values of democracy, film’s pathos would still not make much of a sense.Advertising Looking for critical writing on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The reason for this is simple – contrary to what it is being suggested in the film, the overwhelming majority of German Nazis, as well as ordinary German citizens who never ceased supporting Nazis right to the very end of the WW2, used to be just as devoted to Christianity as it was the case with America’s founding fathers, for example.3 Another proof, as to a conceptual fallaciousness of Why We Fight, is the fact that throughout film’s entirety, the narrator continues to refer to Hitler as someone who wanted to conquer the world. Such claim, of course, cannot be referred to as anything but extremely ignorant.4 After all, it is not only tha t Hitler never publically expressed his presumed intention to ‘conquer the world’, but throughout the initial phase of WW2, he actively sought to end the hostilities with Britain and France.5 Whatever improbable it may sound – the actual reason, behind the outbreak of WW2, was Poland’s stubborn unwillingness to allow Germany to build a railroad between Berlin and the German city of Danzig (Gdansk), which in 1918 was separated from the rest of Germany by a Treaty of Versailles.6 If creators of Why We Fight were concerned with trying to protect the world from being conquered, then it would not be Hitler, Mussolini and Hirohito featured in their film, but America’s ally Stalin. After all, unlike Hitler, Stalin never had any reservations against coming up with public statements as to the fact that world’s ‘capitalist’ were facing only two choices – to embrace the Communism or to be destroyed. Right up until the collapse of USS R in 1991, the Soviet coat of arms featured a Communist emblem of a hammer and sickle in the foreground of the whole planet. Moreover, Soviet Constitution openly stated that it was only the matter of time, before world’s independent nations would join USSR as ‘Soviet republics’.7 In the light of recently declassified Soviet secret documents, it appears that Stalin was preparing to attack Germany in July of 1941, with the ultimate purpose of this attack having been the ‘liberation’ of the whole Europe of a ‘capitalist oppression’.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Why We Fight specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If it was not up to Hitler’s preventive attack of Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, even as early as by the end of 1941, Europe would have become nothing but a Westernmost part of Soviet ‘workers paradise’.8 After that, it would be the t urn for America to suffer the same fate – not an utterly improbable suggestion, especially given the fact that many members of Roosevelt’s inner circle (including his wife Eleanor) were self-admitted Communist spies.9 Therefore, film narrator’s referrals to the scenes of marching German soldiers and to the scenes of German obsolete tanks Pzkpfw-1 and Pzkpfw-2 rolling into Poland, as such that confirm the validity of his claims about the sheer evilness and potency of German war-machine, appear hypocritical, at best. First of all, film tactfully avoids mentioning the fact that it were not only ‘evil’ Germans that invaded Poland in the autumn of 1939, but their good ‘friends’ from Red Liberation Army, as well. If Poland’s Western allies were so much concerned about protecting this country’s independence, then why did they not declare a war on Soviet Union? Second, contrary to what film implies, up until 1943, the functioning of a German economy was based upon the essentially peacetime principles. This, however, cannot not be said about the functioning of Soviet economy from 1933 to 1945, which had only one single objective – to manufacture of as many weapons as possible. This is exactly the reason why; whereas, by the beginning of 1941, Hitler only had 3235 tanks (2500 of which were hopelessly obsolete), Stalin had 2830 tanks (including 700 tanks T-34 and 530 tanks KV-1).10 Nevertheless, one does not have to be a scholar of WW2 to note the essentially hypocritical nature of Why We Fight, as the example of America’s wartime propaganda, because film’s hypocrisies are being well visible even to a naked eye.Advertising Looking for critical writing on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example; whereas, narrator never ceases to state that America’s only objective in the WW2 is to promote democracy, equality and tolerance, on the one hand, he simultaneously continues to refer to Japanese people as ‘dirty Japs’, on the other. It is fully understandable that, after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the majority of Americans have realized Japanese as their enemies. Still, even though film’s narrator portrays Nazis as America’s sworn enemies, as well, he nevertheless does not talk of them as nothing short of sub-humans. Therefore, it will only be logical to conclude that, despite his pretentious ‘anti-Nazism’, the narrator himself is not being too different from Nazis, to begin with. I believe that the provided earlier line of argumentation, in defense of a suggestion that many claims, contained in Why We Fight, cannot be considered even slightly objective, is being fully consistent with paper’s ini tial thesis. In its turn, this implies that citizens should never cease thinking critically about what the governmentally endorsed propaganda wants them to believe, especially if this propaganda appears to be designed for weakening a self-preservation instinct in people, so that they would not be having any objections against the prospect of being turned into a ‘cannon meat’ overseas. References Boyle, Peter. â€Å"The Roots of Isolationism: A Case Study,† Journal of American  Studies 6, no. 1 (1972): 41-50. Carlton, David. â€Å"Churchill in 1940: Myth and Reality,† World Affairs 156, no. 2 (1993): 97-103. Cline, Catherine. â€Å"British Historians and the Treaty of Versailles,† Albion: A  Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies 20, no. 1 (1988): 43-58. McNeal, Robert. â€Å"Roosevelt through Stalin’s Spectacles,† International Journal 18 (1962-63): 194-206. Nagata, Judith. â€Å"Beyond Theology: Toward an Anthropology o f ‘Fundamentalism’,† American Anthropologist, New Series 103, no. 2 (2001): 481-498. Raack, R. C. â€Å"Stalin’s Role in the Coming of World War II: The International Debate Goes On,† World Affairs 159, no. 2, (1996): 47-54. Steigmann-Gall, Richard. The Holy Reich: Nazi Conceptions of Christianity,  1919-1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Suvorov, Viktor. Icebreaker: Who Started the Second World War? London: Hamish Hamilton, 1990. Taylor, A. J. P. The Origins of the Second World War. London: Penguin, 1964. The War Department. Why We Fight Part 1 – â€Å"Prelude to War† (1942). YouTube. [Video]. Web. Uldricks, Teddy. â€Å"The Icebreaker Controversy: Did Stalin Plan to Attack Hitler?†Ã‚  Ã‚  Slavic Review 58, no. 3 (1999): 626-643. Footnotes 1 Peter Boyle, â€Å"The Roots of Isolationism: A Case Study,† Journal of American Studies 6, no. 1 (1972): 44. 2 Judith Nagata, â€Å"Beyond Theology: Toward an Ant hropology of ‘Fundamentalism’,† American Anthropologist, New Series 103, no. 2 (2001): 482. 3Richard Steigmann-Gall, The Holy Reich. Nazi Conceptions of Christianity, 1919-1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 267. 4 A. J. P. Taylor, The Origins of the Second World War, (London: Penguin, 1964), 15. 5 David Carlton, â€Å"Churchill in 1940: Myth and Reality,† World Affairs 156, no. 2 (1993): 101. 6 Catherine Cline, â€Å"British Historians and the Treaty of Versailles,† Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies 20, no. 1 (1988): 54. 7 R. C. Raack, â€Å"Stalin’s Role in the Coming of World War II: The International Debate Goes On,† World Affairs 159, no. 2, (1996): 49. 8 Viktor Suvorov, Icebreaker: Who started the Second World War? (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1990): 10. 9 Robert H. McNeal, â€Å"Roosevelt through Stalin’s Spectacles.† International Journal 18 (1962-63): 203. 10 Teddy Uldricks, à ¢â‚¬Å"The Icebreaker Controversy: Did Stalin Plan to Attack Hitler?† Slavic Review 58, no. 3 (1999): 642. This critical writing on Why We Fight was written and submitted by user Dark Wasp to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.